Xinhuanet Wang Ying

　　Since January, the provinces have successively entered the local two sessions. At present, 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have held 2017 provincial-level local conferences, and local government work reports have also been released. At the two sessions, what small development and reform goals have been formulated by various provinces, and how to protect many social and livelihood topics that people care about? Let’s take a look.

　　Curing haze requires determination and goals.

　　In the winter of 2016, several rounds of smog that swept across many parts of the country made "governance" continue to be a high-frequency word in the work reports of local governments, and it has also become the top priority of this year’s work. To control smog, not only are all localities determined, but many provinces, including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, have also put forward clear targets for smog control.

　　Beijing proposed that in 2017, the average annual concentration of fine particles should be controlled at around 60 μ g/m3.

　　Tianjin proposed to switch to burning and shut down 7 coal-fired generating units and 380 coal-fired boilers, and shut down and eliminate 100 backward enterprises. The average annual concentration of PM2.5 decreased better than last year, and the national "Ten Atmosphere" target task was completed.

　　Hebei proposed that the average concentration of PM2.5 decreased by more than 6% this year.

　　Henan proposes to ensure that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 decrease steadily, and the days with good air will last for more than 200 days.

　　Shaanxi proposed to strive to reduce the concentration of PM2.5 in Guanzhong area by more than 3% and increase the number of excellent days by an average of 5 days.

　　Jilin pointed out that the proportion of days with excellent ambient air quality in cities above prefecture level reached more than 75%.

　　Implement the river length system and take action in many places.

　　In December 2016, the "Opinions on Comprehensively Implementing the River Length System" issued by the Central Office and the State Council was announced, which clarified the main tasks of implementing the river length system and proposed to fully establish the river length system by the end of 2018. "Implement ‘ River length system ’ " It has become a key word in many local government work reports this year.

　　Ningxia proposed to implement the "river length system", strengthen the management of tributaries of the Yellow River, drainage ditches into the Yellow River, key lakes and urban black and odorous water bodies, completely ban the direct discharge of enterprises, severely crack down on the pollution of the Yellow River, and resolutely protect the "mother river".

　　Beijing has made it clear that it is necessary to strictly implement the "river length system", implement the regional compensation mechanism for water environment, and improve the water quality of national and municipal monitoring sections. We will build 29 ecologically clean small watersheds, complete the task of treating 57 sections of black and odorous water bodies, and completely eliminate the black and odorous water bodies in the built-up areas.

　　Yunnan proposes to pay close attention to the prevention and control of environmental pollution, fully implement the "river length system", and strengthen the protection and management of six major water systems such as the Yangtze River and the Pearl River and nine plateau lakes such as Dianchi Lake and Erhai Lake.

　　Digest "zombie enterprises" and continue to unswervingly go to production capacity

　　In December 2015, the Central Economic Work Conference listed "de-capacity" as the top five tasks of supply-side structural reform in 2016. In the past 2016, all localities have firmly "de-capacity", and key industries have achieved remarkable results in de-capacity. 2017 is the year of deepening supply-side structural reform. Accelerating structural adjustment and optimization, improving supply quality and level, and unswervingly "de-capacity" have become important topics in the work reports of local governments.

　　According to the actual situation of Hebei province, it is proposed that the word "go" should be the first, steel should be the most important, policy guidance should be strengthened, and strict investigation and verification should be carried out, and a ton of steel will never be added illegally.

　　Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Qinghai all said that resolving excess production capacity will make better use of marketization and rule of law, and strictly implement relevant laws, regulations and standards on environmental protection, energy consumption, quality and safety.

　　Jilin’s goal of de-capacity in the new year is not only specific, but also specific to enterprises. It is clear that Tonggang Group will reduce the ironmaking capacity by 800,000 tons, and Yatai Cement and other enterprises will reduce the cement clinker capacity by 5 million tons.

　　Guangxi revealed that it will establish a database for "zombie enterprises" and establish a disposal mechanism for non-state-owned "zombie enterprises".

　　Anhui, Henan, Gansu and other places have also made firm determination to reduce production capacity in the government work report, and proposed that while completing the annual task of resolving excess capacity, it is necessary to prevent the resurgence of resolved excess capacity.

　　Sichuan and Yunnan clearly want to consolidate the achievements of steel de-capacity and severely crack down on illegal production and sales of "strip steel".

　　 "Made in China" opens up new development ideas for all localities.

　　 Overcapacity does not mean backwardness. To achieve better development of industries and enterprises, "de-capacity" must be coordinated with strategies such as "Made in China 2025" and "internet plus".

　　 Zhang Qingwei, Governor of Hebei Province, said in his government work report that in 2016, the added value of equipment manufacturing industry in Hebei Province surpassed the iron and steel industry to become the first pillar industry. In 2017, Hebei will take intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, carry out special green manufacturing actions, and improve the quality and efficiency of traditional industries.

　　 The work report of the Liaoning provincial government mentioned that in 2016, Liaoning implemented the Made in China 2025 Liaoning Action Program, and has promoted the construction of the first batch of 50 pilot demonstration enterprises for intelligent manufacturing and intelligent services, with high-end equipment manufacturing accounting for 17.2%. In 2017, we will aim at the middle and high end, consolidate and upgrade the equipment manufacturing industry, and promote the construction of 100 pilot demonstration enterprises for intelligent manufacturing and intelligent services.

　　 Wang Xiaodong, acting governor of Hubei Province, said in his government work report that Hubei’s economy is in a difficult process of transforming old and new kinetic energy, and it is necessary to respond with new ones and adapt to changes, so that traditional kinetic energy can be rejuvenated and new kinetic energy can stir up the beam. In 2017, it is necessary to thoroughly implement the Made in China 2025 Hubei Action Plan and the Opinions on Accelerating the Implementation of internet plus Action, deepen the integrated development of manufacturing and Internet, focus on intelligent manufacturing, and accelerate the construction of a strong manufacturing province.

　　 The government work reports of Ningxia and Xinjiang all mentioned the need to thoroughly implement the local action plan of Made in China 2025. Ningxia is particularly clear about speeding up the clean and efficient utilization and transformation of coal, and promoting the integrated and efficient development of coal chemical industry and petrochemical industry. In order to speed up the conversion of new and old kinetic energy, Xinjiang will support the technological innovation and transformation of traditional industries, promote the integration and development of manufacturing and the Internet, and promote the vitality of traditional kinetic energy.

　　Real estate regulation, destocking and stabilizing housing prices

　　Real estate destocking was an important part of local work last year. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year defined the development direction of China property market in 2017, and emphasized the need to promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. In 2017, many provinces continued to put the foothold of real estate regulation on destocking, and at the same time insisted on stabilizing the real estate market price.

　　The two sessions in Beijing pointed out that the goal of Beijing’s property market regulation is to stabilize housing prices and establish a long-term mechanism for real estate development. This year, we should vigorously promote the construction of affordable housing such as self-occupied housing and public rental housing, so that housing can truly return to the residential property.

　　In the government work report, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region pointed out that the development of real estate industry should be organically combined with urbanization and urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and the real estate market should be regulated by classification and implemented according to the city and place to ensure a stable and healthy development.

　　Shenzhen proposes to adhere to the position that "houses are used for living, not for speculation", and comprehensively use financial, land and investment means to speed up research and establish a basic system and a long-term mechanism for the stable and healthy development of the real estate market to adapt to market rules, effectively reducing the "squeezing" impact of high housing prices on the real economy.

　　Shanghai also proposes to adhere to the positioning that "houses are used for living, not for speculation", strengthen the regulation of the real estate market, and strictly implement the regulation policies to promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. At the same time, Shanghai has put forward the goal of supplying 50,000 sets of various types of affordable housing.

　　 Poverty alleviation, and the bottom line of people’s livelihood.

　　Development is for the people, and the results should benefit the people. In the crucial year of building a well-off society in an all-round way, all localities have paid more attention to poverty alleviation and improving people’s livelihood in their work.

　　Guizhou’s "Great Poverty Alleviation" strategy achieved gratifying results in 2016. Last year, Guizhou won the first battle to get rid of poverty, reducing the number of poor people by 1.208 million, launching the "first gun" of ex situ relocation and poverty alleviation throughout the country, and relocating 458,000 rural people. In 2017, Guizhou proposed to reduce the number of rural poor by more than 1 million.

　　In the work report of the Hunan provincial government, it is proposed that poverty alleviation should be taken as the first livelihood project to ensure that 1.1 million rural poor people will be reduced and 10 poverty-stricken counties and 2,500 poverty-stricken villages will be withdrawn this year.

　　This year, Hubei will continue to push forward poverty alleviation in a down-to-earth manner, and strive to lift 1.28 million people out of poverty this year, and nine poverty-stricken counties will take off their hats, and effectively implement all measures to tackle poverty from village to household.

　　Multi-measures continue to alleviate the difficulty and expensive medical treatment.

　　As an important concern in the field of people’s livelihood, the problem of difficult and expensive medical treatment has always been concerned. Adjusting the price of medical services, increasing the proportion of hospitalization reimbursement, and promoting the direct settlement of medical treatment for urban and rural residents in different places have been included in this year’s work plan by many local governments.

　　Beijing’s government work report puts forward that this year we should coordinate and promote the reform of medical care, medical insurance and medicine linkage, fully implement the separation of medicine, adjust the price of medical services, and promote the reform of compound medical insurance payment methods. At the same time, we should vigorously promote the sunshine procurement of drugs, improve the basic drug system, and promote the convergence of drug use between large hospitals and communities.

　　Tianjin has put forward the goal of "increasing the standard of residents’ medical insurance subsidy to 800 yuan and increasing the proportion of hospitalization reimbursement by 5 percentage points".

　　Hubei Province proposes to fully implement a unified basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, strengthen the effective connection of basic medical insurance, serious illness insurance and medical treatment, and ensure the direct settlement of medical treatment for urban and rural residents in different places.

　　It is clear that Henan should improve the pilot of instant settlement of medical treatment in different provinces, implement a unified basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, and raise the financial subsidy standard to 450 yuan per person per year.

　　Implementing the "Four Strictest" to Protect the Safety of Tongue Tip

　　 Food is the most important thing for the people, and the safety on the tip of the tongue has always been concerned by the people. Strict food safety has also been written into this year’s work plan by many local governments. In view of the "safety on the tip of the tongue" of the people, many places emphasize the need to implement the "four strictest".

　　Tianjin listed "continuously strengthening the quality and safety supervision of food, medicine and agricultural products, so that the general public can eat with confidence" as this year’s work goal.

　　Hebei Province particularly emphasizes that it is necessary to implement the food and drug safety and security project in depth, continue to carry out centralized rectification of key areas, key areas and key links, adhere to the most stringent standards, the strictest supervision, the most severe punishment and the most serious accountability, and ensure the people’s "safety on the tip of the tongue".

　　Hubei’s government work report also made it clear that it is necessary to improve the unified and authoritative food and drug safety supervision system, implement the "four strictest" requirements, and ensure food and drug safety.

　　Guizhou also put forward the goal of "strictly implementing the food and drug safety responsibility system, strengthening inspection and testing, and improving the supervision system from production to consumption". (Comprehensive news from Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily and Zhongxin. com)

According to the website of the Emergency Management Department, the Emergency Management Department released the basic situation of natural disasters in 2022 on the 13th. In the whole year, 112 million people were affected by various natural disasters, 554 people died and disappeared due to disasters, and 2.428 million people were resettled. 47,000 houses collapsed and 796,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; The affected area of crops is 12,071.6 thousand hectares; The direct economic loss was 238.65 billion yuan. Compared with the average in recent five years, the number of people who died and disappeared, the number of houses collapsed and the direct economic losses decreased by 30.8%, 63.3% and 25.3% respectively.

According to reports, the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Health and Wellness Commission, the Statistics Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, the Forestry and Grass Bureau, the China Red Cross Society, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. and other departments and units, approved that in 2022, China’s natural disasters will be dominated by floods, droughts, windstorms, earthquakes and geological disasters.

Affected by extreme weather, major disasters occurred, such as floods in the Pearl River basin, breaches of the Raoyang River, a tributary of the Liaohe River, flash floods in Datong, Qinghai, Pingwu and Beichuan in Sichuan, droughts in summer, autumn and winter in the Yangtze River basin, and forest fires in southern China. The Luding 6.8 earthquake in Sichuan caused heavy casualties. The Emergency Management Department strengthened overall coordination, made every effort to do a good job in emergency rescue and disaster relief, and minimized casualties and property losses.

The main features of national natural disasters in 2022 are:

First, the distribution of natural disasters in China is uneven in time and space, with frequent occurrences in summer and autumn and severe disasters in the central and western regions.

From January to April, the disaster situation was generally stable and light, except for the 6.9 earthquake in Menyuan, Qinghai Province on January 8 and the freezing rain and snow disaster in some parts of southern China in February. After entering summer and autumn, severe rainstorm and flood disasters occurred in South China, Jiangnan and Liaohe River Basin, rare drought in summer and autumn and winter in Yangtze River Basin, local mountain torrents and mudslides in Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Gansu and Qinghai, as well as major disasters such as Lushan 6.1 earthquake in Sichuan, Marcand 6.0 earthquake swarm and Luding 6.8 earthquake. During the period from long summer to beginning of winter, the number of deaths, disappearances and direct economic losses caused by various natural disasters accounted for 92% and 91% of the total annual losses respectively. There are 10 provinces with direct economic losses of over 10 billion yuan due to disasters throughout the year.

Second, the flood disaster is "heavy in the north and south, light in the middle", and local mountain torrents frequently recur.

In 2022, there were 38 regional rainstorm processes in China, with an average precipitation of 606.1 mm, 5% less than normal. Floods exceeding the warning level occurred in 626 rivers in 28 provinces across the country, and there were 10 numbered floods in large rivers. Among them, the Pearl River Basin formed two consecutive large floods, and the Beijiang River experienced the biggest flood since 1915. The biggest flood occurred in Liaohe since 1995; The flood situation of the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Haihe River is generally stable. South China has experienced nine regional rainstorm processes in the first flood season, and the precipitation in the Pearl River Basin is the highest in the same period since 1961, resulting in large basin floods. In July and August, serious floods occurred in Liaohe River Basin. Sudden flash floods in Sichuan, Qinghai and other places caused heavy casualties. In the whole year, 33.853 million people were affected by floods, 171 people died and disappeared due to disasters, and the direct economic loss was 128.9 billion yuan. In addition, there are 5,659 geological disasters such as landslides, collapses and mudslides in China, mainly small and medium-sized, mainly concentrated in Central South, South China and Southwest China.

Three, the Yangtze River Basin has a rare history of continuous drought in summer, autumn and winter, which has a wide range of influences and heavy losses.

In 2022, affected by the strong subtropical high and La Ni? a phenomenon, the average temperature in China was high, and there were successive droughts in winter and spring in the Pearl River basin at the beginning of the year, in spring and summer in Huanghuaihai and Northwest China from April to June, and in summer, autumn and winter in the Yangtze River basin. Among them, the drought in the Yangtze River basin is the most serious meteorological and hydrological drought since the complete measured data are available, and the number of days above the moderate drought is 77 days, 54 days more than the normal period, which is the highest in the historical period since 1961. At the peak of the drought, 52.452 million people were affected, 7.585 million people needed life assistance due to the drought, the affected area of crops was 60.902 thousand hectares, and the direct economic loss was 51.28 billion yuan.

Fourth, the temporal and spatial distribution of forest and grassland fires is relatively concentrated.

In 2022, there were 709 forest fires in China, with an area of 4,689.5 hectares of forest affected and 17 people killed. In terms of time distribution, March-April and September-October are the high incidence periods of forest fires, with 521 cases, accounting for 74% of the whole year. In terms of spatial distribution, affected by factors such as high temperature and drought, there were 503 forest fires in six provinces of Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangdong and Chongqing, accounting for 71% of the country. There were 21 grassland fires in China, including 16 in Inner Mongolia and Qinghai, accounting for 76% of the country.

Five, the strong convective weather process is less, the wind and hail disasters are lighter, and the lightning strike events are relatively prominent.

In 2022, there were 37 regional strong convective weather processes in China, the number of which was less than the average in recent years. From the time point of view, it is mainly concentrated in summer, and the number of deaths and missing persons and direct economic losses caused by strong convective weather account for 73% and 69% of the annual losses caused by wind and hail disasters respectively. Regionally, it is mainly distributed in North China, Northwest China and Southwest China. There are many casualties caused by lightning strikes in Qinghai and Sichuan. On the whole, the wind and hail disasters in 2022 were lighter than normal, causing 9.306 million people to be affected, 88 people died and the direct economic loss was 16.67 billion yuan.

Six, moderate and strong earthquakes in the western region are more active, and the loss of earthquake disasters is biased.

In 2022, there were 27 earthquakes of magnitude 5 or above in mainland China, which increased on average compared with previous years, mainly concentrated in western areas such as Qinghai, Sichuan and Xinjiang. The earthquake with the highest magnitude in the whole year was the Menyuan M6.9 earthquake in Qinghai on January 8, and the earthquake with the heaviest loss was the Luding M6.8 earthquake in Sichuan on September 5. In 2022, the earthquake disaster losses were heavier than normal, resulting in a total of 940,000 people affected, 122 people died and disappeared due to the disaster, and the direct economic loss was 22.45 billion yuan.

Seven, the number of typhoons landing is small, and the landing sites are relatively concentrated.

In 2022, there were 25 typhoons in the Pacific Northwest and the South China Sea, which was basically the same as normal, and four of them landed in China, which was less than normal. On July 2nd, Typhoon No.3 "Siam Ba" landed on the coast of Dianbai, Guangdong, becoming the first typhoon to land. Three of the four landfall typhoons landed in Guangdong, and the 12th typhoon "Meihua" landed four times in Zhoushan, Zhejiang, Fengxian, Shanghai, Qingdao, Shandong and Dalian, Liaoning, which was the first typhoon to land in different parts of mainland China for four times since 1949. The direct economic loss caused by typhoon disaster in 2022 was 5.42 billion yuan, which was lighter than normal.

8. Low temperature rain, snow and freezing affect the southwest and central and southern regions, and the local snowstorm in Xinjiang is serious.

In 2022, China was affected by 35 cold air processes, 5.9 times more than normal. In February, the average temperature in the south was the lowest in the same period since 2009. The southwest and central and southern regions were seriously affected by the low-temperature rain, snow and freezing disasters, and the direct economic losses accounted for 80% of the annual losses caused by the low-temperature rain, snow and freezing disasters. From November 26th to December 1st, the strongest cold wave weather since winter brought severe cooling, strong winds and dust, rain and snow to most parts of the country, and extreme snowstorms in Altay and Tacheng areas of Xinjiang caused casualties. In 2022, low-temperature freezing and snowstorm caused a total of 870.7 thousand hectares of crops to be affected, and the direct economic loss was 12.45 billion yuan.