How can parents guide their children to study, live and work in an orderly way during the winter vacation, which tests their patience and wisdom? The first education launched a series of "class teachers", inviting class teachers from many schools in Shanghai to give advice to parents on "working with their children".

The topic of this issue revolves around "good habit cultivation": gather "little tigers" with your children and guide them to develop good habits.

Author | Shanghai Jiangning School Liu Beiyun

Ye Shengtao, a famous educationist in modern times, once said: "What is education? In a simple way, just one sentence is to form good habits." It is said that good habits benefit life, however, the cultivation of good habits is not easy. Holidays are not only a time for children to relax and adjust, but also the best time to develop good habits. Dear parents, are you worried about "Little Beast" because of its disorder in work and rest, its love of sleeping late, its boredom at home, its idleness, its over-relaxation, and its unwillingness to study?

On the eve of school, we might as well accompany our children to gather the "little tigers" and guide them to develop good habits.

one

"Weiwei Tiger" with regular work and rest

First of all, we need to work out a schedule with our children and supervise its implementation.

1, the plan should be appropriate

Mom and dad should allocate their time reasonably and scientifically around the main tasks in the holiday according to the actual situation of their children. In the process of consultation and formulation together, they should respect the children’s own ideas and put forward appropriate opinions and suggestions, so as to guide the children to achieve a reasonable and orderly combination of work and rest. Planning should have time to "leave blank" and set aside some discretionary time for children every day.

2, plan execution should be strict.

If "fishing for three days and drying the net for two days", isn’t that a "fake plan"? Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the implementation of the plan. Once the plan cannot be carried out in an emergency, we should guide and help children to make adjustments, so that children can understand that important things must be completed first, and things affected by emergencies can be postponed, but they should also be guaranteed to be completed.

3. There is feedback when the plan is completed.

According to the age characteristics of children, the evaluation nodes of plan implementation are divided. Children in lower grades can be evaluated daily, and children in middle and upper grades can be evaluated in the middle of the week and at weekends.

If the plan is implemented in place, it should be praised and encouraged in time, and spiritual encouragement is more worthy of praise.

For example: watch a movie with children, visit an amusement park, play a board game that children like, and increase the time for free activities on weekends.

If the implementation of the plan is not ideal, let the children find out the reasons themselves and improve in time.

two

"Xiao Zhi Tiger" for Effective Learning

During the holidays, you also have to study.

The significance of winter vacation study lies in keeping the habit and concentration of study. Learning here can be a review of what you learned last semester, a preview of what you will learn next semester, and more importantly, it should include reading extracurricular books every day.

Just sitting at a desk for a fixed time every day and reading an extracurricular book every day can’t be regarded as "effective learning".

To review the old knowledge, we should do: we can summarize and organize. To prepare for the preview, we should be able to ask questions and think. Winter vacation is a good time to do a lot of reading. Choosing suitable reading materials and cooperating with scientific reading methods can improve reading ability with half the effort.

1, the time schedule is exquisite.

The pace of pre-review, homework and reading should be reasonable and the progress should be moderate.

2. Learning companionship is focused.

According to the specific situation of children, parents focus on learning attitude, ability or help to lay a solid foundation. Whether the handwriting in the exercise book is correct or not, and the degree of concentration during homework are all important considerations in judging "effective learning".

3. There are methods for parent-child reading.

When helping children to choose reading materials, parents should not only follow their children’s interest characteristics, but also guide them to dabble in different types of books, classics, biographies, poetry essays, scientific sketches and so on.

A book can be used as a parent-child bibliography for family reading every week to guide children to enrich their reading experience and promote independent thinking by doing excerpts, writing experiences, reading book reviews and imitating paragraphs.

In this process, parents should have full reading communication with their children, summarize the contents of books with their children, understand the author’s situation, or experience the feelings of characters.

There are often parents who are worried that their children can’t write a composition: "I have read a lot of books, so why can’t I write a composition at all?" In fact, there is a problem that the "input" in the reading process is not in place, and the companionship of parents in parent-child reading can help improve this situation.

three

A "darling tiger" who takes care of himself.

Mr Tao Xingzhi said that "life is education". During the holidays, children go out of school and have more time and energy to deal with daily life. Parents can use the holidays to let their children unlock some life skills, so that they can gradually do their own things and help with things at home.

1, the labor project should be appropriate.

According to the actual situation of children, cultivate their awareness and habits of labor, choose suitable labor projects, and mobilize their enthusiasm for labor.

2, labor guidance should be patient.

It always takes a process for children to learn new skills. At first, it may not be ideal or even helpful. Parents should be patient and tolerant of children’s mistakes, and don’t let them try again because they are too troublesome.

3, labor evaluation should be timely.

In the process of helping children to take care of themselves, parents should adhere to positive guidance and evaluate their children’s labor achievements in time, so that children can feel the value and significance of labor, thus mobilizing higher enthusiasm for participating in labor.

four

"Tigger" who loves sports

The importance of sports for children’s healthy growth is self-evident. It can not only make children have a strong body, but also help children improve their concentration, cultivate strong will and exercise their social skills.

Nowadays, "Sunshine Sports Hour" has become a compulsory course for children in school life, and children should also insist on participating in physical exercise during holidays. The purpose of sports is to exercise the body and mind, so parents can choose suitable sports according to their children’s age and interests, arouse their children’s enthusiasm for participation, and let them enjoy the fun of sports and the sense of accomplishment in the process of playing.

1, the combination of knowledge and interest

This year’s winter vacation coincides with the Winter Olympics. Parents may wish to learn about the knowledge of the Winter Olympics with their children and understand the unique charm of ice and snow sports. If possible, they can also take their children to experience it for themselves.

2. Perseverance is the key.

Persistence is the key to exercise, and the intensity of exercise should be arranged step by step, so as to be scientific and controllable and safety first.

3, role models are indispensable.

If children want to love sports, parents should set an example. They should not only make good use of sports resources in their lives and seize sports opportunities, but also strive to create an atmosphere in which family sports play together. Morning running with children, badminton for two and parent-child sports games are all great choices!

five

A "thunderbolt tiger" who cherishes time and keeps promises.

Many teachers may feel the same way as me. Every time I start school, I will find that there are obvious differences among the children who used to behave almost in all aspects in the class, which is not unrelated to holiday life.

During the holidays, it is inevitable that some children will relax their requirements, and the use of electronic products such as mobile phones and ipad will be relatively relaxed. Some senior children never leave their mobile phones all day, and they enjoy brushing short videos, chatting with people and playing games online, so their eyesight is inevitable. Once you are addicted to it, it is naturally difficult to keep up with the normal learning rhythm when you start school, and the difference arises. Therefore, parents should pay special attention to the control of their children’s electronic products during holidays.

In life, some children are labeled as "other people’s children". Sometimes it is surprising that these children are excellent in their studies, have a wide range of interests, and even play games very well!

According to my observation, IQ and ability are part of the reason, but the most important reason is self-discipline and efficiency.

They have clear goals and strong actions. When they know how to study, they will study hard and concentrate on it. Only in this way can they enjoy themselves while playing. The formation of these good habits is the result of parents’ high-quality companionship.

1, take three chapters to make rules

In the information age, it is impossible for children not to touch electronic products, but for minors, parents must have a prior agreement with their children, and the duration of use and the content of browsing should be limited.

2. Priorities should be clearly defined

From an early age, parents should help their children with time management training and teach them to correctly deal with what they like to do and what they must do.

3. There are clever ways to reduce "dependence"

For children who use electronic products too much, parents should not only set a good example and reduce the use of mobile phones in front of their children for a long time, but also analyze the reasons why children are obsessed with games. For children who want to gain a sense of accomplishment from games, parents should pay more attention to multiple evaluations and give their children recognition of "self-worth". For children who just want to experience the game process, parent-child companionship, the cultivation of hobbies and increasing peer interaction are good ways to reduce dependence.

In order to successfully collect these five "little tigers",

Please check the following three tips:

First, the habit of Excellence is the real Excellence.

Knowledge is not enough, you can learn slowly; Ability is not enough, you can cultivate it slowly. Only good habits can’t wait.

Second, good habits are the product of perseverance.

Habit formation is not achieved overnight, and it can only be achieved by continuous efforts and persistence towards the goal.

Third, the reward mechanism is a necessary means to develop good habits.

Finding children’s little progress and using appropriate reward mechanism will help to make them happy, stimulate their motivation and help them to be full of upward motivation.

In the Year of the Tiger, let the lovely five "little tigers" accompany the children, sow good habits and reap happy growth.

Author: Liu Beiyun, Jiangning School, Shanghai

Xiao Fuhu: Kong Lingzhe, Class 53, Jiangning School, Shanghai

Photo courtesy: Ke Yuetong, Wu Tianyu, Huang Zijun, Zhou Yunyu, Class 53, Jiangning School, Shanghai

Shangguan author: the first education

Professor Pu Shouzhi, President of Yuzhang Teachers College

　　Jiangxi network radio and TV station news Recently, Stanford University announced the list of the top 2% scientists in the world in 2022 (World’s Top 2% Scientists 2022). Professor Pu Shouzhi, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and president of Yuzhang Teachers College, was selected into the list of "Lifetime Scientific Influence Ranking (1960-2022)" of the top 2% scientists in the world, and was also selected into the list of "2022 Scientific Influence Ranking" of the top 2% scientists in the world.

　　It is reported that the list of the top 2% scientists in the world was released by the team of Professor JohnP.A.Ioannidis of Stanford University, and the top 2% scientists in the world were selected from nearly 7 million scientists, which were divided into two lists: "Lifetime scientific influence list" and "annual scientific influence list". The list objectively and truly reflects the influence of scientists, indicating that the scholar has a high world influence in his research field and has made outstanding contributions to the development of this field.

Basic knowledge of avian influenza
What is avian influenza? 　　Avian influenza, referred to as avian influenza for short, is an infectious disease of poultry caused by influenza A virus, which mainly occurs in chickens, ducks, geese and pigeons. Among them, highly pathogenic avian influenza is classified as a class A animal disease by the World Organization for Animal Health because of its rapid spread and great harm, and it is classified as a class of animal disease in China. 　　How does bird flu spread? 　　The source of infection of avian influenza is mainly chickens and ducks, especially infected.H5N1In chickens with virus, the virus can spread through digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin injury and conjunctiva. Under natural conditions, the avian influenza virus existing in oral cavity and feces has great resistance due to the protection of organic matter, especially in cool, humid and mild conditions, which can survive for a long time, and human beings are directly exposed to it.H5N1Virus-infected poultry and their feces or direct contactH5N1The virus will be infected. In addition, the disease can also be transmitted through droplets and contact with respiratory secretions. 　　Are migratory birds the source of avian influenza infection? 　　It is not clear whether this conclusion is established or not. At the beginning, the West Nile virus popular in the United States also suspected that the "culprit" was migratory birds. The key point is, migratory birds are regional, will it cause transnational or even transcontinental spread? The whole situation has yet to be investigated in depth, and the medical profession is currently waiting for the exact result. Once confirmed, I believe that the relevant state departments will take emergency measures. 　 The virus concentration is high in areas with high density of sick chickens such as chicken farms. 　　Confirmation of epidemic situation 　　Generally, there are four steps: first, after the outbreak of avian influenza, experts conduct on-site diagnosis and epidemiological investigation, which can be initially diagnosed as a suspected case of highly pathogenic avian influenza. The second is to identify the hemagglutinin subtype of the virus by serological method. Third, the virus was isolated and identified by the National Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory, and finally the virus type was determined. Fourth, the Ministry of Agriculture finally confirmed or ruled out the epidemic situation of highly pathogenic avian influenza according to the diagnosis results of the National Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory. 　　Why does bird flu spread rapidly? 　　There are many raw chicken markets in the border areas of southern Asian countries. When raw chickens are traded across borders, there is no virus quarantine link. It is very likely that bird flu will spread rapidly to other countries through infected raw chickens or chicken droppings on the shoes of raw chicken traders. Some countries lack monitoring of chicken farms and fail to grasp the epidemic situation of avian influenza and take preventive measures as early as possible. 　　Avian influenza can be prevented and controlled. 　　The prevention and control of avian influenza has a history of more than 100 years, and all countries in the world have accumulated rich experience. From the prevention and control experience of various countries, highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry can be completely prevented; Once an epidemic occurs, as long as measures such as tight blockade, thorough culling, disinfection and harmless treatment are taken in a timely, decisive and resolute manner, it can also be effectively controlled.			H5N1 virus profile 　　How to kill avian influenza virus 　　The tolerance of avian influenza virus is relatively poor. Influenza virus is sensitive to organic solvents such as ether, chloroform and acetone. Commonly used disinfectants, such as formalin, oxidant, dilute acid, sodium deoxycholate, hydroxylamine, sodium dodecyl sulfate and ammonium ions, halogen compounds (such as bleaching powder and iodine agent) and heavy metal ions, can quickly destroy its infectivity. 　　In addition, influenza virus is also sensitive to heat. When heated at 56 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, 60 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and 65-70 degrees Celsius for several minutes, influenza virus loses its activity. However, the virus has a strong resistance to low temperature, and can remain active for more than one year under the protection of glycerol. 　　 The virus can also be killed in direct sunlight for 40-48 hours, and its infectivity can be quickly destroyed if it is directly irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Direct ultraviolet rays can destroy its infectivity, hemagglutinin activity and neuraminidase activity in turn. 　　Symptoms of avian influenza 　　The incubation period of human suffering from avian influenza is generally less than 7 days. In the early stage, the main symptoms are fever, runny nose, stuffy nose, cough, sore throat, headache and general malaise. Some patients may have digestive tract symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, watery stool, etc. Some patients may have conjunctivitis, and their body temperature is mostly above 39℃. Some patients’ chest X-rays will also show unilateral or bilateral pneumonia, and a few patients will have pleural effusion. 　　Most patients are cured well, the course of disease is short, and they recover quickly without sequelae, but a few patients, especially those who are older and treated too late, will quickly develop into various complications such as progressive pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage, pleural effusion, pancytopenia, renal failure, septic shock and Reye syndrome and die. 　　High-risk groups susceptible to avian influenza 　　Four groups of people, such as raising, transporting, slaughtering and selling poultry, are high-risk groups of bird flu. In addition, bird flu is particularly easy to attack children, the elderly and people with weak constitution. 　　Can poultry meat and eggs still be eaten? 　　After the poultry meat and eggs are cooked thoroughly, the possibility of virus transmission is small. However, if it is a sick bird or carries the virus and is not cooked thoroughly, the virus is likely to enter the human body. 　　At present, China’s quarantine department has taken emergency preventive measures, and poultry in the regular market can basically be safely eaten. The key is to cook thoroughly. If you eat poultry that have not been quarantined or come from the outbreak area, the risk of infection is not ruled out. 　　Can you be infected by wearing down jackets and covering down ducks? 　　The person in charge of the Shanghai Veterinary Health Supervision Institute said that wearing down jackets, covering down quilts and related products will definitely not infect bird flu. Because down products are usually treated by disinfection, high temperature and other physical and chemical links, the possibility of virus survival is very small and it is unlikely to cause harm to people’s health.
Avian influenza prevention measures
People: Stay away from bird flu at four o’clock. 　 　　Suggestion 1: Don’t travel in epidemic areas. 　　Tourists should avoid going to areas where bird flu has broken out. Because at present, the source of avian influenza virus has not been found, and we don’t know the real transmission route of the virus and whether it will be transmitted from livestock to humans or from person to person. 　　Recommendation 2: Don’t contact live birds. 　　If you must go to an area where bird flu is prevalent, you must remember that livestock manure is probably one of the ways of bird flu transmission. Remember to wash your hands thoroughly with hand sanitizer and water after touching livestock. People, especially children, should avoid contact with live birds. 　　Recommendation 3: Pay attention to disease prevention. 　　Usually, we should strengthen physical exercise and rest more to avoid excessive fatigue; When an epidemic situation is discovered, contact with poultry should be avoided as far as possible, raw food and cooked food should be separated in the kitchen, raw food or semi-cooked food, especially uncooked animal blood products, should be thoroughly cooked for chicken, eggs and other foods; Keep the indoor air circulating. If there is air conditioning equipment, clean the dust screen frequently, and try to avoid going to places where the air is not circulating. Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands in the right way; Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing; Keep indoor furniture clean and avoid using carpets that are difficult to clean. 　　Recommendation 4: Pay attention to high-temperature antivirus. 　　In addition, avian influenza virus is sensitive to organic solvents such as ether, chloroform and acetone, high temperature and ultraviolet rays. Heating at 56℃ for 30 minutes, heating at 60℃ for 10 minutes, heating at 70℃ for several minutes, direct sunlight for 40 to 48 hours and using common disinfectants can kill avian influenza virus.
Government: Eight Measures to Prevent and Control Avian Influenza
Wen Jiabao, Prime Minister of the State Council, presided over the 37th executive meeting of the State Council on January 29th to study and deploy the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza. The meeting decided that the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza should focus on eight measures.
·In areas where the epidemic situation has been discovered, it is necessary to timely and accurately announce the epidemic situation in accordance with the prescribed procedures, resolutely cull, thoroughly disinfect, strictly isolate, and enforce immunization in accordance with the requirements of epidemic prevention work, and resolutely prevent the spread of the epidemic situation. 　　·In areas where no epidemic situation has been found, it is necessary to do a good job in epidemic prevention and improve the emergency plan for the epidemic situation. It is necessary to focus on the epidemic prevention work in key areas, large-scale farms and large-scale breeding professionals, strengthen epidemic monitoring, and take effective measures to prevent the outbreak. 　　·Establish a mechanism to deal with sudden major animal epidemics. We will step up the establishment and improvement of epidemic monitoring and quarantine networks, and strengthen the construction of animal epidemic prevention infrastructure and grassroots epidemic prevention teams.			·Implement epidemic prevention funds and clarify compensation policies. Reasonable compensation should be given for the loss of culling poultry in areas where highly pathogenic avian influenza occurs, and compulsory immunization of poultry should be implemented free of charge, so that the people can have no worries. The funds required for culling and compulsory immunization according to regulations shall be shared by the central and local governments. 　　·Strengthen scientific research. It is necessary to organize scientific and technological research on highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and its prevention and control, rationally arrange the production and storage of highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine, and actively carry out international exchanges and cooperation in the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza. 　　·Strengthen the quarantine of import and export poultry and their products to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Severely crack down on smuggling of poultry products. Strengthen the management of poultry market and the detection of epidemic diseases. 　　·Do a good job in the propaganda of popular science knowledge about the prevention and treatment of highly pathogenic avian influenza, so that the broad masses can understand the characteristics and prevention knowledge of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza. 　　·Resolutely prevent highly pathogenic avian influenza from infecting people. At present, we should focus on medical monitoring and prevention of epidemic areas and high-risk groups.
Q&A experts: Wu Jiang, Director of Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Control Institute of Beijing CDC; Jia Youling, Chief Animal Husbandry Officer of the Ministry of Agriculture; Zhou Jiao, Chairman of Poultry Branch of China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society; Professor Pan Xiaozhang, Associate Professor Lu Hongzhou, Chief Physician Shi Guangfeng, and Professor Xu Hongfa, Ph.D. Supervisor of School of Life Sciences of East China Normal University.
Design and production, graphic editing: Yu Xi

　　On October 29th, 220 provincial highway Qingtian-Taishun section of Taishun Nanpuxi-Xiaocun section and Taishun Fengyang-Shiyang section both passed the work feasibility review, which marked a substantial breakthrough in the preliminary work of Qingtian-Taishun section of 220 provincial highway.

　　The starting point of this project is located near Yangshan Township at the junction of Wencheng Taishun, connecting with Fenglin-Dongyang Section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway, passing through Nanpuxi Town and Xiaocun Town, and intersecting with Sixiao Line.

　　220 provincial highway Qingtian to Taishun highway Taishun Fengyang to Shiyang section, the starting point of this project is located in Yinshantang, southwest of Fengyang Township, which is connected with the connecting line of 331 provincial highway Xiaocun, passing through Sixi, Dongxi, Xuexi and Shiyang, and the ending point is connected with Wenfu Highway.

　　On October 29th, the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Municipal Transportation Bureau hosted a review meeting on the feasibility study report of the section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway 220 from Nanpuxi to Xiaocun in Taishun and the section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway 220 from Fengyang to Shiyang in Taishun. Provincial Highway and Transportation Management Center, representatives from Municipal Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Water Conservancy Bureau, Ecological Environment Bureau, Shanguan Center, wencheng county Transportation Bureau, Taishun County and invited experts attended the meeting.

　　On October 28th, a group of experts made an on-the-spot reconnaissance to gain an in-depth understanding of the on-site situation of the project and the difficult problems existing in the promotion.

　　At the review meeting, the design unit reported the feasibility report document in detail, and the design consulting unit reported the preliminary review opinions. After carefully listening to the opinions and suggestions of various departments and towns, they exchanged views on the necessity of the project and the selection of the scheme, and the meeting passed the review opinions in principle.

　　At the meeting, the Municipal Transportation Bureau affirmed Taishun’s work of "doing big traffic and doing big traffic", and gave strong support to the promotion of Taishun section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway of Provincial Highway 220. At the same time, combined with the preliminary work of Taicang Expressway and the future tourism development corridor, it put forward opinions and suggestions on the guarantee of factors such as project prophase, capital and land use.

　　Cheng Yi, deputy county magistrate, said that the construction of this project is of great significance for the towns and villages along the line to realize the "fast outside and smooth inside" traffic, and should meet the travel needs of the people to the maximum extent. With the Wen Tai Expressway about to be completed and opened to traffic, it is necessary to promote the deep integration and development of the eco-tourism industry in the towns and villages along the line, optimize the industrial layout and reserve development space. It is necessary to closely focus on the development idea of "establishing a county by ecology and rising green" and minimize the interference to the environment on the basis of meeting the technical indicators.

　　It is reported that the planned 220 provincial highway from Qingtian to Taishun (to be approved) starts from qingtian county, Lishui, enters Zherong County, Fujian Province, and connects with the planned provincial highway in Fujian. Among them, the Taishun section of scripture is connected with Taishun Lianyun after it becomes Yangshan Mountain, and enters Fujian after passing through Nanpuxi Town, Shinohara Village, sixi town, Dongxi Town and Shiyang Town.

　　Taishun section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway of 220 Provincial Highway is the main communication channel to speed up the construction of north-south traffic in the region, which will improve the layout of the national and provincial trunk highway network in Zhejiang Province and further promote the economic and social development in the border areas of Zhejiang and Fujian. At present, the engineering feasibility, preliminary design and construction drawing review have been completed in the sections from Fenglin to Dongyang in Xiaocun and from Shiyang to Zhejiang and Fujian. The two projects under review are part of the Taishun section of Qingtian-Taishun Highway of Provincial Highway 220.

　　Source: County Transportation Bureau

　　Editor: Cai Jinze

　　Sina Weibo: @ Taishun released.

　　Submission email: tsxwxb@126.com

　　Hotline: 59290000

　　Address: Room 205, Floor 2, Xianrong Media Center, No.216 Aimin Road, Luo Yang Town, Taishun County.

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