At the 2022 World Manufacturing Congress, Hefei Binhu International Convention and Exhibition Center in Anhui Province, new models of Chery and Jianghuai Automobile made their debut, and quantum enterprises such as Guoyi Quantum, Guo Dun Quantum and Benquan Quantum released new technologies and products … …

　　About 10% of the world’s notebook computers and 20% of LCD screens are produced in Anhui. About one in every three refrigerators, four washing machines and five air conditioners in China is "made in Anhui". In recent years, Anhui’s manufacturing industry has performed brilliantly.

　　In the past 10 years, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Anhui Province has increased by 9.9% annually, ranking third in the country. In the past two years, the added value of Anhui’s manufacturing industry and digital economy has exceeded one trillion yuan and entered the first phalanx of the country.

　　Manufacturing is the foundation of a country and a strong country. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Anhui has thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, taking making the real economy stronger and better as the main direction, grasping the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries on the one hand, and the development and growth of strategic emerging industries on the other, embarking on a high-quality development path of scientific and technological innovation to empower the manufacturing industry, and realizing the leap-forward development from a "traditional agricultural province" to a "emerging industrial province".

　　New track — —

　　Emerging industries are full of vitality and tenacity.

　　On the production line of Chuzhou Longji Le Ye Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd., pieces of photovoltaic modules are mass-produced and orderly. The company settled in Chuzhou City, Anhui Province in January 2018, and is now planning to expand its production capacity.

　　"This is the first photovoltaic leading enterprise to settle in Chuzhou." Yang Xiaosong, director of the Investment Cooperation Promotion Bureau of Chuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, said that there are nearly 50 photovoltaic equipment and components manufacturing enterprises in Chuzhou, with an annual output value of more than 40 billion yuan. Including photovoltaic industry, Chuzhou has formed eight emerging industries.

　　Chuzhou is a microcosm of the development of Anhui manufacturing industry. In recent years, Anhui has unswervingly taken the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries as the top priority in building a modern industrial system, implemented the actions of upgrading, expanding and increasing the efficiency of the secondary industry, and established the layout of ten emerging industries, including a new generation of information technology, intelligent networked vehicles, artificial intelligence, new energy and new materials.

　　New track, how to win?

　　Set up a special class to promote important industries. Each special class is headed by a provincial leader, that is, the "chain leader", and leading enterprises are invited to be the "chain owners". "Give full play to the role of combining the government with the effective market." Yan Hui, a staff member of the Business Environment Department of the General Office of the Anhui Provincial Government, introduced that "chain leaders" inspected the business environment, coordinated relevant factors, and guided "double recruitment and double introduction" (attracting investment and attracting talents); The "chain owners" assisted the government in compiling a panoramic view of the industrial chain, a "double-invitation and double-introduction" road map and construction drawings, and implementing accurate investment promotion.

　　Li Bin, CEO of Weilai Automobile, a new energy vehicle that entered Anhui first, persuaded Wang Chuanfu, chairman of BYD, to invest in Hefei. The project took 42 days from the signing to the start of construction, and only 10 months from the start of construction to the completion of the vehicle. BOE, the head enterprise of the display panel, hopes that its important supporting company, Pioneer Film, will set up a base in Hefei, and the leaders of the special class will invite it to Guangdong. Finally, the location of the pioneer film is only a few kilometers away from Hefei BOE.

　　"For the government" and "effective market" are also reflected in fund investment. A few days ago, the provincial finance funded the establishment of the provincial emerging industry guidance fund, with 16 parent funds in three fund groups. By leveraging social capital, a provincial emerging industry guidance fund system with a total scale of not less than 200 billion yuan was finally formed.

　　Optimize the business environment, change the investment model, and at the same time adopt the style of "leading+supporting" and "base+fund". In just a few years, Anhui has cultivated 14 industries with 100 billion yuan, 15 national new industrialization demonstration bases and 4 advanced manufacturing industrial clusters, and the toughness and stability of the industrial chain and supply chain have been forged, and a number of influential industrial landmarks have begun to appear.

　　Taking the new energy automobile industry as an example, Anhui has gathered 10 complete vehicle enterprises and 1,200 supporting enterprises, including Jianghuai, Chery, Weilai, Volkswagen and BYD. In 2021, the output of new energy vehicles exceeded 250,000, ranking fifth in the country. In the first half of this year, it reached 191,500 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 142.7%.

　　From 2012 to 2021, the added value of high-tech manufacturing industry in Anhui increased by 14.7% annually, the output value of strategic emerging industries increased by 19.8% annually, and the contribution rate of high-tech manufacturing industry to the profit growth of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 61%. The modern industrial system is being accelerated.

　　New engine — —

　　Take innovation as the greatest motivation.

　　Entering Hefei Rongshida Electronic Appliance Group Intelligent Whole House Experience Life Museum, the lights are automatically lit and the air conditioner is turned on by itself; A "Hello, Xiao Da, play music", and a soothing melody immediately sounded … … "Intelligent, digital and networked, technological innovation has brought new impetus to the upgrading of the home appliance industry." Yang Qiwu, vice president of Rongshida Group, said.

　　Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group, which has been listed among the world’s top 500 enterprises for three consecutive years, has newly developed copper-based new material products, the thinnest of which is only 4.5 microns; Anhui Aode Mining Machinery and Equipment Science and Technology Co., Ltd., which was just rated as a "little giant" enterprise specializing in national specialties last year, can reduce sparks by more than 95% when working underground, and its service life is increased by 1.5 times … …

　　"Promoting the high-quality development of manufacturing industry depends on ‘ Quote ’ , also depends on ‘ Education ’ . Only by accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and strengthening the technological transformation of enterprises can we cultivate industries ‘ Root ’ The power of ‘ Long ’ A company that wins the future. " Sun Donghai, deputy secretary general of Anhui provincial government, said.

　　New engine, how to light it?

　　Scientific and technological innovation is a new driving force. Aerogel is called "the lightest solid material". Academician Xie Yi of China University of Science and Technology organized a team to tackle key problems and conducted thousands of experiments in 2014, and developed a new aerogel preparation technology, which entered the pilot experiment in 2018. Subject to the ownership of post-service scientific and technological achievements, this technical achievement, which fills the gap in China, was once blocked from production.

　　"If it weren’t for the empowerment reform of China University of Science and Technology, the industrialization of our achievements might take longer." Zheng Lei, general manager of Anhui Keang New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. lamented. Last December, the company was established. Recently, they are busy with a large number of aerogel orders.

　　A new innovation consortium came into being. At the end of 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved the establishment of four national manufacturing innovation centers, two of which were in Anhui, and the National Intelligent Voice Innovation Center was one of them. Iflytek took the lead in uniting more than 10 upstream and downstream enterprises and research institutes of intelligent voice to form an innovative organization of "enterprise+alliance". Some alliance enterprises have reported that it is necessary to detect the health status of motor equipment from the sound when the equipment leaves the factory for quality inspection. Can manual work be replaced by intelligent methods to eliminate the risk of errors?

　　The research team of the Intelligent Voice Innovation Center "answered the question" and developed a set of industrial voiceprint quality inspection system. "If it is not an innovative consortium model, it is difficult for us to collect so many key common needs of the industry in a short time and concentrate on scientific research." Wu Zhaojiang, general manager of the center, said.

　　Taking innovation as the biggest driving force, Anhui constantly promotes original innovation, technological innovation and industrial innovation with institutional innovation, so that the tree of science and technology can bear the fruit of industry — —

　　Carry out scientific and technological research, the first batch of 76 key projects have been completed, and 8 technical products have broken foreign monopoly;

　　Building an industrial Internet platform, the province has cultivated 130 key industrial Internet platforms, of which the "Antelope" platform has accumulated 5,159 industrial apps and served more than 50,000 enterprises in the past year;

　　We will introduce policies to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and the private economy, and cultivate "little giants", individual champions and "invisible champions" enterprises that specialize in novelty. By July this year, Anhui had cultivated 3,218 provincial-level specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, and strived for 477 national-level specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprises.

　　Innovation-driven development is the core of the manufacturing industry. Chen Jun, director of the Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that Anhui has become an important gathering place for emerging industries, which cannot be separated from the simultaneous creation of "the source of scientific and technological innovation" and "the new highland of reform and opening up".

　　New pattern — —

　　Promote high-quality development in opening up.

　　On the afternoon of September 21st, a train from China and Europe slowly left the logistics base of Hefei North Station, loaded with goods such as household appliances, tires and industrial machinery and equipment, and headed for Uzbekistan thousands of miles away. This is also the 595th China-Europe train in Hefei this year.

　　Xin Jianmin, Commissioner of Hefei Customs, provided a set of data: in the first half of this year, the export of high-tech products in Anhui was 65.94 billion yuan, up by 22.1%, of which the export of notebook computers and solar cells increased by 26.7% and 68.7% respectively, and the export of automobiles and auto parts increased by more than 50%.

　　In 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of Regional Integration Development Plan for the Yangtze River Delta, which requires Anhui to give full play to its advantages such as active and strong innovation and distinctive manufacturing characteristics, and to build an influential source of scientific and technological innovation, a gathering place of emerging industries and a green development model area.

　　"This is a new requirement and a new opportunity." Niu Qiaotao, director of the Anhui Provincial Department of Economy and Information Technology, said, "We need to promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of the manufacturing industry in a more open pattern to enhance the international competitiveness of the industry."

　　New pattern, how to layout?

　　Seize the opportunity of integrated development in the Yangtze River Delta and speed up the layout of advanced manufacturing industry in Anhui. Take the lead in establishing the Yangtze River Delta artificial intelligence industrial chain alliance, accelerate the construction of the Yangtze River Delta industrial Internet integration development demonstration zone, and do a good job in undertaking industries with Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang … … In 2021, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang invested in 4,167 projects of over 100 million yuan under construction in Anhui, and the funds in place exceeded 900 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 60% of the number and amount of investment projects in Anhui outside the province.

　　Increase the intensity of open cooperation and speed up the pace of enterprises going to sea. On June 22 this year, the first body-in-white of Volkswagen (Anhui) Co., Ltd. rolled off the assembly line; Headquartered in Hefei, Guoxuan Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. set up a battery production and operation base in Gö ttingen, Germany on June 27th, and started the "Made in Europe" plan. By introducing and going abroad, "Made in Anhui" has continuously improved its quality and brand influence in the international cycle.

　　The World Manufacturing Conference held continuously since 2018 is not only an important exhibition window and cooperation platform for "Made in Anhui" at home and abroad, but also an important opportunity for Anhui to accelerate the transformation of manufacturing industry. At this year’s conference, 567 projects have been signed, with a total investment of 379.4 billion yuan, including 8 projects with more than 10 billion yuan and 15 projects with more than 5 billion yuan. At the same time, seven subordinate universities also signed an agreement with Anhui Province on the integration of production, education and finance.

　　Without the high-quality development of manufacturing industry, there will be no high-quality development of economy. The main responsible comrades of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee said that Anhui will firmly grasp the opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological and industrial revolution, seize the key of scientific and technological innovation, and accelerate the establishment of an important gathering place for emerging industries.

Under the ChatGPT craze, a new entrant has been added to the domestic artificial intelligence model.

On April 26th, Fourth Paradigm announced the launch of its GPT model product "Formula 3.0", and put forward AIGS strategy (AI-Generated Software) for the first time, that is, generative AI refactoring enterprise software. "Style Theory" will be positioned as a new development platform based on multi-modal large model, which will improve the experience and development efficiency of enterprise software and realize AIGS.

"C-end products have approached the upper limit of user experience, while enterprise-level software at B-end is often a very complicated execution system, and it is not too much to pile up more than a dozen layers of menus and thousands of functions." Dai Wenyuan, founder and CEO of the fourth paradigm, said, "At present, the extremely complex interactive experience of these B-side software and the extremely low development efficiency brought by complexity just leave enough room for reconstruction and transformation of generative AI."

Dai Wenyuan said, "In the past, it was difficult to call the functions of enterprise software through human language (natural language). Now, when we have stronger semantic understanding and generation capabilities, coupled with the ability of GPT task translation, task distribution and reasoning, we can call the functions through better’ dialog-style’ interaction, and we no longer need to find a function under a menu directory of more than ten levels."

"Shi Shuo 3.0" has the ability of writing, drawing and programming.

It is reported that "Expression 3.0" can handle queries and tasks in the form of video, image, voice, text, etc., and convert these information into instructions that can be read by user software. After the software outputs a response, the results can be displayed.

In order to express that "Style 3.0" is not an online call to ChatGPT, Dai Wenyuan asked the team to cut off the public network and visit the intranet cluster at the scene. Later, he demonstrated the ability of "Shi Shuo 3.0" big model to understand pictures, talk in multiple rounds, write novels and draw pictures quickly, and the ability to complete more complicated "packing" operations and write codes on the spot through reasoning ability. For example, if you ask "Do you have any recommended places to travel to Silicon Valley on May 1", you will feedback information about attractions such as Google and Stanford University.

In Dai Wenyuan’s view, to achieve AIGS, a big model does not necessarily need to be a generalist with extensive knowledge and a decathlon champion. What is more important is that the model has the ability of Copilot and CoT(chain of thoughts).

Dai Wenyuan, founder and CEO of the fourth paradigm

At the scene, the fourth paradigm also revealed the iterative process of "formula theory"-"formula theory 1.0" is the first generation product launched after the explosion of ChatGPT, which has the ability to generate language and solve the three major problems of content credibility, data security and cost in the application of GPT technology; On the basis of language ability, "Shi Shuo 2.0" adds multimodal input and output capabilities such as text, voice, image, table and video, and increases the Copilot capability of enterprises. In order to connect with the internal application library and private data of enterprises, analyze information and data, answer employees’ inquiries or perform related tasks, and become business assistants from knowledge assistants; On the basis of generative and language ability, "Formula 3.0" applies Copilot and COT (multi-step reasoning, complex task splitting and data flywheel) to transform traditional B-end enterprises.

"To transform enterprise software, the big model cannot only have language ability. Formula 2.0 adds multimodal and Copilot, because the data in many enterprise software is multimodal, and Copilot can translate human instructions into which API to call in the background. " In the previously released Demo of Formula 2.0, store employees issued instructions to Formula 2 through interactive means such as voice and text. After the formula was understood, the networked store monitoring software called out the pictures of the kitchen without a mask, and directly output the pictures to employees in the form of a dialog box.

It has been of great value for the big model to call the built-in functions and data of the software to complete the task in a "dialog box". However, employees will also face complex tasks when using enterprise software, requiring people to perform functions in sequence.

Therefore, Equation 3.0 emphasizes Copilot and thinking chain CoT, which has stronger reasoning ability. After learning a lot of data and strategies, it can form intermediate logical reasoning steps, so as to split and perform complex work.

According to public information, the fourth paradigm was established in 2014, mainly serving enterprises, focusing on the decision-making AI field and providing platform-centric AI solutions. At present, the company’s solutions have been applied to finance, retail, manufacturing, energy and electricity, telecommunications and medical industries. The latest prospectus shows that in 2022, the revenue of the fourth paradigm reached 3.083 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 52.7%.

The path of AIGS is divided into three stages.

"When BERT came out, the Paradigm Research Institute began to pay attention to and invest in this technical field. After GPT3 came out, it was more clear that it was going in this direction. However, compared with this year’s investment, there is definitely a gap in the past few years. ChatGPT’s greatest help to us is that the confidence of the whole market has been adjusted from 0 to 0, and the deterministic investment has been greater. Later, it will be pushed to the market by becoming a product and becoming a commercial route. " Dai Wenyuan revealed.

Compared with domestic big models, the fourth paradigm thinks that there will be more big models in China. The big model is a new productive force, and everyone has to have a big model as a base, so the threshold for entering the game is really getting higher. But after reaching this threshold, the focus is on how to choose the direction.

The fourth paradigm thinks that the greater opportunity lies in transforming the whole enterprise software industry, which is the direction of AIGS. The technical direction of the big model is that Copilot can be controlled (execution can be controlled, mistakes can be corrected) and COT (chain of ideas, multi-step reasoning, complex task splitting) can be used to form a data flywheel (for example, putting data and processes in a vertical field into a big model can soon form a thinking chain of the model in this field).

The fourth paradigm summarizes the path of AIGS into three stages: in the first stage, Copilot mobilizes different information, data and applications as assistants to complete users’ instructions. It is equivalent to having a commander in all enterprise software systems. The commander listens to the user’s instructions, such as "Brighten the photo by 20%".

In the second stage, Copilot+ is based on the "knowledge base" of enterprise rules, and AI can do complex work with reference to the rules, further enriching the ability of "dialog box". For example, after consulting the "portrait beautification" knowledge base, AI can perform the steps of retouching photos.

The third stage, Copilot+CoT (thinking chain). The use behavior of the software system will eventually be learned by the big model, forming AI’s thinking chain in this field, which means that AI can automatically complete the complex instruction of "processing photos better".

The AIGS strategy of the fourth paradigm refers to transforming enterprise software into a new interactive paradigm based on the Copilot+COT capability behind the formulaic model, and constantly learning the use process of software in the new interaction, forming a "thinking chain" of domain software.

At the release site of Formula 3.0, customer representatives from aviation manufacturing, finance, medical care and other industries attended and made live demo demonstrations of the products. In the actual scene demonstration of China’s aviation manufacturing representative enterprises, it and the fourth paradigm jointly transformed an industrial design software based on Copilot technology. In the actual scene demonstration of a medical industry, the "thinking chain" can clearly point out the specific steps of selling drugs.

The fourth paradigm shows that, finally, due to the emergence of new forms of interaction, the development efficiency of enterprise software becomes higher. In the past, functions and execution logic were arranged in the software interface. Every time a function was upgraded, it was necessary to go through prototype drawing, design, development, etc. in cycles, at least at the monthly level. Now, because the "dialog-style" interface is fixed, the function and logic are rewritten at the level of data, API and content, which has become a day-level development efficiency.

It is worth mentioning that, according to the fourth paradigm, in just two months, many enterprises and partners have carried out in-depth cooperation with the fourth paradigm in generative AI.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 10th (Reporter Huo Yao, Feng Guodong) Fried dough sticks are traditional breakfasts, which are deeply loved by the public, but the problem of adding alum has been criticized. Recently, the incident of "aluminum of fried dough sticks in online celebrity Store exceeded the standard by 9 times, and plasticizer was detected in McDonald’s fried dough sticks" caused widespread concern. The reporter found that although the country has already issued a "ban on aluminum", the old problem of "excessive aluminum content" in fried dough sticks still occurs from time to time.

　　Experts believe that the range of food additives containing aluminum should be further expanded and the use of aluminum in fried food should be restricted, so as to guide merchants to use aluminum-free baking powder when making fried dough sticks and really make consumers feel at ease.

　　Can the "assured fritters" claimed by the merchants actually be assured?

　　On December 4th, the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee and the Shanghai Food and Drug Administration jointly released the Data Sheet on the Physical Examination of Fried Bread. The results showed that the fried dough sticks sold by many "assured" merchants who claimed that they had no alum fried dough sticks also contained aluminum. Among them, a shop named "Si donkey kong" found that the aluminum content of its fried dough sticks exceeded the standard by nearly 10 times (980 mg/kg), far exceeding the national standard. In the detection of plasticizer components, the crisp sesame oil strips sold by two McDonald’s detected plasticizer components, but the content did not exceed the standard.

　　"I saw that the shop I often went to was found to be unqualified, and I was suddenly embarrassed." Ms. Xiao from Shanghai told reporters that she chose to go to a brand store because she was not at ease with the fried fritters in a small workshop on the street. I didn’t expect there were problems. "When can the use of food additives be standardized?" Many consumers asked.

　　It is no small matter that the aluminum in fried dough sticks exceeds the standard. The medical community believes that aluminum is a chronic and accumulative neurotoxin. Excessive intake for a long time will damage the brain and nervous system, causing diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, and it is called "intellectual killer".

　　In 2014, the National Standard for Food Safety and the Standard for the Use of Food Additives issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine clearly defined the aluminum content in food: alum is allowed to be used in fried noodle products (including fried dough sticks), but the residual aluminum (dry sample) in the final fried noodle products should not exceed 100 mg/kg.

　　Sun Hui, a researcher at the Scientific Research Institute of the State Grain Administration, said that the ban standard was already strict, and the residue limit of 100 mg/kg was easily exceeded. The actual meaning is that as long as the merchants add alum to the flour to improve the taste, the fried fritters will definitely exceed the aluminum standard.

　　However, the reporter found out that since the implementation of the "aluminum ban" for three years, the aluminum content in fried foods in the breakfast market still exceeds the standard.

　　"aluminum" is forbidden: a game between "taste" and "health"

　　In the face of a paper ban, why is aluminum exceeding the standard repeatedly banned? According to industry insiders, after adding aluminum-containing bulking agents such as "Alum", the fried dough sticks are more golden in color, better in appearance and crisper in taste.

　　In fact, at present, other food additives with the same function have replaced alum in the market, such as a new aluminum-free leavening agent for fried dough sticks. It is understood that Angel Yeast introduced aluminum-free leavening agent to replace alum in 2009, and the annual sales growth rate remained between 30% and 50%, reaching more than 5,000 tons at present. "The key to ensuring the taste is health." Yu Xuefeng, head of Angel Yeast, said.

　　However, the reporter found that there are still small pasta workshops that are reluctant to part with "Alum". At a breakfast place selling fried dough sticks near the tuanjie village vegetable market in Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, the stall owner said that although aluminum-free fried dough sticks are healthier, some old customers are not used to this taste, so they like crispy alum fried dough sticks.

　　The reporter visited several breakfast shops, and some shopkeepers revealed that the use of aluminum-containing baking powder can quickly foam, which saves the long time required for traditional fermentation and is more efficient. More importantly, the cost of aluminum-free baking powder is 3-4 times higher than that of aluminum-containing baking powder.

　　Wei Fenglu, executive director of the Fermented Pasta Branch of China Cereals and Oils Society, said that in terms of cost, the alum that small workshops like to use is indeed cheaper than the aluminum-free leavening agent, but in fact, the oil absorption rate of alum fritters is as high as 30% or more, which requires higher oil temperature. Therefore, the comprehensive cost of the two is basically the same.

　　Wei Fenglu believes that there are three main reasons for the current "aluminum" ban: First, customary factors. The use of alum in fried dough sticks is an "old tradition" handed down for many years. It is difficult to change the habit formed for a long time, so that many masters will not do it if they change the processing materials. The second is the taste factor. There are still many people who think that the brittleness of alum skin may be better, so they know that aluminum exceeds the standard, but they still use it; The third is the law enforcement factor. The law enforcement of food and drug supervision in cities is stricter than that in remote areas, and there is still room for improvement in the safety of pasta food in remote areas.

　　Experts call for abolishing the use of aluminum in fried food.

　　Experts interviewed believe that after the introduction of the "aluminum ban order" by the state, some additives have indeed been removed from the market or their application scope has been narrowed. Yu Xuefeng said: "In the past three years, the degree of social attention has been increasing, the public’s health concept has been slowly changing, and the production of pasta with sales volume has become more standardized than before."

　　However, experts believe that stricter standards should be adopted to restrict and further expand the range of food products that prohibit the use of aluminum-containing food additives.

　　Sun Hui believes that the "aluminum ban order" in 2014 prohibited the use of aluminum-containing additives such as alum in steamed bread, cakes and steamed buns, but did not completely cancel its use in fried foods, which opened a small hole for merchants and led to the simultaneous sale of aluminum-containing and aluminum-free additives in the market.

　　"Merchants are profit-seeking. As long as the state does not prohibit it, it is unrealistic for merchants to take the initiative to use aluminum-free baking powder." To this end, experts believe that the system standards should be tightened from the source, so that fritters can completely "say goodbye" to alum.

　　As breakfast shops and roadside stalls are the "hardest hit areas" where aluminum-containing food additives are used beyond the scope, in terms of supervision, experts call for strengthening inspections, not only increasing the number of random inspections, but also strengthening surprise "flying inspections" and severely punishing illegal additions and excessive use of aluminum-containing food additives found in supervision and inspection.

editorial comment/note

On August 30th, Ye Wenzhen, Vice President of the China Women’s Research Association, was invited to give a keynote speech entitled "Modern Marriage: The Secret of Happiness" in Hunan, and gave a simple explanation on topics such as "Influencing Factors of Marriage Happiness" and "Basic Strategies of Marriage Happiness".

From parents’ arranged marriage in those days to free love and marriage for feelings today, marriage, which is often an endogenous factor in the family, has undergone an increasingly remarkable self-change while serving the development of human society. On the emotional platform where autonomy and feelings are intertwined, from Qian Zhongshu’s "besieged city" to the writer’s "running-in", Yang Lan’s "management" and Xiaogang Feng’s "wrong marriage", to the TV series "Family with a Daughter" and the "room marriage" that recently made the divorce registration office of Shanghai civil affairs department crowded, the ancient marriage system has interpreted more and more colorful modern stories. Is modern marriage happy? What factors does the happiness of modern marriage depend on? Where is the road to the happiness of modern marriage? With these questions, let’s walk into modern marriage together.

What is marital happiness?

In the eyes of sociologists, marriage refers to a group that is determined by a certain culture and recognized by the society where it is located, and men and women combine to establish a husband-wife relationship to interact. Legal scholars give this group a clearer definition, that is, based on the combination of men and women, with the purpose of living together and the publicity of husband and wife identity. American scholar Andrew J. Cherlin believes that human marriage has gone through three historical stages: institutional marriage before 1850 to meet people’s most basic life and reproductive needs; From 1850 to 1965, the focus of people’s marriage gradually turned to intimacy and sexual needs, and both sides began to pay attention to love and companionship; In the self-expression marriage from 1965 to now, the parties need more and more space for self-expression in marriage, and feel respect, self-growth and realization of self-worth. The significance of marriage as a means exceeds its role as a system, and the freedom of personality and the possibility of choice are stronger. As for the evolution of marriage in Chinese since the founding of New China, the academic circles agree that it can be divided into two stages with 1978 as the boundary. They think that the changes in the first 30 years are slow, and significant changes have taken place only after the reform and opening up, which are mainly reflected in the fact that the conclusion of marriage has changed from arranged marriage to free marriage, the criteria for choosing a spouse and the basis of marriage have changed from paying attention to material conditions to giving consideration to love and material, the ethical concept of chastity has changed from one-stop to freedom of divorce and remarriage, and the status of husband and wife has changed from master-slave relationship to equal relationship, as well as the concept of blood and kinship.

The changing modern marriage is actually facing unprecedented challenges. First, the difficulty of compatibility among sex, love and marriage put forward by scholar Zhou Guoping, sex is a physical life and follows the principle of happiness; Love is a spiritual life and follows the ideal principle; Marriage is a social life and follows the principle of reality, which are three completely different things. The difficulty of marriage lies in how to unify the three in the same opposite sex, so as not to let the temptation and happiness that are used to paralysis and trivial reality damage the passion and ideal of love. Second, the pressure on marriage has become greater, and the marginal cost of operation has become higher and higher. With the substitution of many functions, the marginal income of marriage has become smaller and smaller. From the rational point of view of economics, modern marriage is an uneconomical choice. Third, there is less social support for marriage and more external temptations. If diseconomy is the internal thrust of marriage, then the change of external environment is a kind of pulling force, which directly threatens the sustainable development of modern marriage under the joint action of push and pull.

For Chinese, a happy marriage has always been an important source of happiness, and marital happiness has always been the core component of Chinese’s happiness. According to psychological understanding, marital happiness is a subjective feeling of people’s satisfaction with their married life, a psychological vision that they feel that their married life has great fun for a long time and naturally want to keep it for a long time, and a complacent state in which people’s various psychological desires are satisfied in their married life. In some sociological studies of marriage and family, marital happiness is usually an important subjective indicator of high-quality marriage. More specifically, marital happiness can be embodied in four aspects, namely, satisfaction with spouse’s performance, confidence in marriage relationship, positive investment in marriage, and optimism about marriage future. So, is the modern marriage facing many challenges happy?

Modern marital happiness index

To make a more objective evaluation of the happiness of modern marriage, we can directly ask the representative sample population through questionnaire survey, or indirectly measure the divorce rate.

According to the survey of Xiaokang magazine, during 2009-2010, 77.7% of Chinese residents felt happy in marriage, among which "post-80s" had the highest marital happiness, accounting for over 80%, while "post-80s" surpassed "post-70s" and "post-60s", and their age and marital happiness index. However, the marriage stability of "post-80s" is not high. This group of self-respecting only children has led the new trend of "high quality and low stability" in Chinese. In addition, men’s marital happiness is higher than women’s. Jiayuan, a dating website, believes that in marriage, women’s minds are more sensitive and delicate, and they tend to feel insecure. In addition, the probability of men’s infidelity is much higher than that of women’s, so women’s worries and confusions about marriage will be relatively more, which in turn reduces the score of marriage emotion index. The survey results of zhenai’s marital happiness index show that naked marriage is more optimistic about happiness than flash marriage and trial marriage, and nearly 60% of bachelors and 72% of single women think that men and women aged 3-10 have the highest happiness index.

Jiayuan and iResearch released the White Paper on National Marriage Emotion Index in 2015, which pointed out that even after entering the "seven-year itch", 83.5% people are still satisfied with their marriage. The higher the educational background, the higher the marital happiness index. However, family income is polarized with the marital emotion index, and the marital happiness of middle-income families is at the lowest level. In addition, there is a relationship between the marital sentiment index and the level of regional economic development. Second-tier cities are relatively developed and have less pressure on work and life than first-tier cities, so they are more likely to get marital satisfaction. In the ranking of provinces in China, Henan province has the highest marital emotion index.

However, from the reverse measurement of the statistical bulletin on the development of social services of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the happiness of modern marriage is not stable or even declining, because the divorce rate in China has been rising continuously since the late 1970s, and the crude divorce rate has increased from 0.33‰ in 1979 to 2‰ in 2010, which is about six times higher. In 2012, the increase of divorce rate exceeded the marriage rate for the first time. In 2014, a total of 13.067 million couples were registered in accordance with the law, with a crude marriage rate of 9.6 ‰; 3.637 million couples were divorced, an increase of 3.9% over the same period, and the crude divorce rate was 2.7 ‰; The ratio of divorce to marriage is 3.6 for every average marriage, and there is one divorce, which is close to the European level.

Since the questionnaire survey excludes the divorced population, there is a certain degree of overestimation of the happiness of marriage, so judging from a comprehensive perspective, the happy modern marriage in China accounts for about 60~70%.

Restrictive factors of marital happiness

With the multiple transformation and changes of economy, society and culture, China’s marital problems are becoming more and more diversified. The factors such as geographical environment, family structure, gender relationship, professional income, educational background, age and even psychological quality all directly or indirectly affect China’s marital happiness.

The ten factors that affect the happiness of marriage revealed in the 2012 Chinese Happiness Report are: the feelings of husband and wife, the willingness and ability to communicate and understand, mutual loyalty, children, income, sex life, the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, the relationship between the other party and his family, and the distribution of housing and housework.

Psychological research has found that the psychological obstacles that affect the happiness of marriage are mainly in two aspects. One is the unrealistic understanding of marriage, such as "the heart is in harmony", people can’t change, the relationship is good or bad, and sexual life must always be perfect and there should be no defects. The second is the psychological structural deviation of the parties themselves, such as self-centered psychology, perfectionism, conformity psychology and patriarchal psychology. Sociology pays more attention to the background conditions, mutual rights and interests, the relationship with parents before marriage, the state of parents’ marriage life and the influence of economic development, social transformation and cultural changes of the whole society on marriage happiness. For example, if the husband pays all his income to his wife, the husband and wife will have a higher sense of happiness; The more the husband and wife agree on expenses, the higher the happiness; The better the attitude of husband and wife towards their parents before marriage, the stronger their happiness after marriage; There is also a harmonious marriage between parents, and the marriage of children is more likely to gain more happiness.

In fact, the happiness of modern marriage mainly depends on the living and development environment outside the marriage and the self-improvement and spontaneous ability inside the marriage. The dual social and economic transformation and cultural diversity outside marriage, as well as the lack of pertinence of external support based on marriage consciousness, all lead to the lag of the construction of the external environment of marriage friendliness and support, which leads to the increase of individual marriage survival pressure and weak development, and then affects the feeling and satisfaction of sacredness, glory and happiness in marriage. However, the external influence is only the external cause, and what nature and how much role it plays in the end lies in the emotional foundation and post-marriage construction of the besieged city of marriage. In my opinion, these shortcomings in the internal construction of marriage are idle, wasted and even dried up the source of marital happiness to a certain extent. First, it is customary to enlarge the defects of the marriage system, attribute the lack of marriage to external forces, and dilute the sense of responsibility and creativity of the parties to the marriage; Second, in the family field, there is a lack of new ideas and ability to handle and coordinate marriage and intergenerational relations, and the phenomenon that intergenerational relations squeeze marriage is more common; Third, there is insufficient understanding and limited investment in the stimulation and renewal of love after marriage, which habitually gives way to family affection, and once and for all, family affection not only nourishes intergenerational relations but also supports the operation of marriage; Fourth, the weak sense of equality between men and women, limited comparative advantages and insufficient effective communication between husband and wife have also degraded the vitality and interest of marriage to some extent.

The road to a happy marriage.

Western scholars believe that in modern marriage, the input-output ratio has become very fair. If you want to be happy, you need to invest a lot of time and energy in each other and this relationship to make both sides feel satisfied in emotional, spiritual and material aspects. They also stressed that in order to get a happy marriage nowadays, people need to consider it from psychological perspective, romantic perspective and moral perspective. Among these three perspectives, only from the moral perspective, we still have a lot of room to make efforts to change, so that we can resist those selfish and evil parts in this relationship, support and promote each other and spend a happy life.

Therefore, the secret of modern marriage happiness lies in the treasure, persistence, investment, communication and cooperation within marriage.

First, marriage is the priority. Marriage is the steering wheel of the family car. If the marriage is unstable, the family will be out of order and cannot operate normally. Marriage is still a dynamic mechanism. If marriage fails, the family will be disabled and will stagnate. We should fully understand the family significance and function of marriage, and form a family culture in which everyone treats and maintains marriage, instead of continuing the tradition and squeezing marriage with the authority of the elderly; Don’t put children first, bind the marriage relationship with parent-child relationship, ensure the family space for the priority development of the marriage relationship, meet the resource needs for the healthy growth of the marriage relationship, especially change the investment mode of the marriage relationship, and change the repair after the marriage to the health care before the marriage.

Second, the convergence of value orientation, pay attention to the "suitable" values when choosing a spouse, keep the values changing synchronously after marriage, and make the changes of values in the same life cycle through conscious arrangement of married life, especially through learning exchange and joint participation in important activities, so as to seek more dynamic convergence. With the advancement of married life, it is normal for husband and wife to have different values. Don’t panic, and it is not appropriate to blame egoism. We should calmly analyze the causes, compare and choose the right ones, and reconstruct homogeneity.

Third, love and affection go hand in hand. We should remind each other not to replace love with affection, maintain the proper boundary between marriage and intergenerational relations, add poetry to marriage besides gratitude and responsibility, and live a marriage life with texture and beauty.

Fourth, the relationship between husband and wife is equal. It is necessary to establish the principle of equality and mutual respect in love and bring the concept of equality between men and women into the marriage relationship. In particular, the husband also needs to teach and instill gender awareness. His awareness and behavior of equal exchange of marriage are not consciously formed. Even with this equal awareness and action, it will change with the continuation of marriage.

Fifth, the release of comparative advantages, we should pay attention to cultivating the awareness of marriage efficiency, creating a marriage culture and mechanism that treats and gives full play to their comparative advantages, rationally allocating limited marriage resources, and pursuing the maximization of marriage benefits.

Sixthly, communication methods should be scientific. It is necessary to understand the marital significance of communication, strengthen communication awareness and cultivate communication skills, exchange and enrich communication experience, especially understand the gender differences in communication, advocate transposition, look back and share communication, and improve the interest and effect of communication.

In short, love is the source of marriage happiness, and love can warm the "besieged city" of marriage. The pursuit and creation of love, the cherish and protection of love, and the giving and sharing of love will make our marriage happy forever!(Ye Wenzhen, Vice President of China Women’s Research Association and Professor of Fujian Jiangxia College)

　　According to a number of foreign media reports, on May 15th, the US Embassy in Iraq issued a statement on its official website, saying that the State Council ordered all "non-essential" embassy and consulate staff to leave Iraq as soon as possible.

　　According to relevant personnel, on May 18th, the American energy giant ExxonMobil Company has withdrawn all its personnel from Iraq except Iraqi employees.

　　Iraq is in focus

　　Why did the United States evacuate people from Iraq urgently?

　　Some analysts believe that the United States is preparing for a possible military conflict. However, some voices also pointed out that the United States’ remarks about the existence of Iraq threatening its interests are just "excuses" found by the United States.

　　Earlier, US Secretary of State Pompeo made a surprise visit to Iraq. Intelligence obtained by the United States shows that Shiite militants supported by Iran have deployed rockets near the base where the US military is stationed.

　　In this regard, Iraq’s caliber is not consistent. According to reports from Reuters, Iraqi Prime Minister adil Abdul-Mahdi said that the Iraqi side was not aware of "any movement threatening any party".

　　"In Iraq, the United States and Iran each have significant interests and influences." Li Shaoxian, dean of China Institute of Arab Countries of Ningxia University, said in an interview with this newspaper that it is not surprising that Iraq has become the focus of confrontation between the United States and Iraq.

　　"Iraq has become an important party to solve the crisis from the crisis center." The Iraqi Morning Post quoted Mehdi as saying that Iraq will restore its influence and play a role in easing tensions in the region.

　　Take care of both sides.

　　"As an ally of Iran and the United States, it is difficult for Iraq to be caught in the middle." Reuters described the dilemma facing Iraq at present. Agence France-Presse compared Iraq to "an acrobat who performs complex skills", vividly outlining Iraq’s state of walking on thin ice.

　　Obviously, Iraq can’t provoke the United States. "To a certain extent, today’s Iraq was created by the United States." Li Shaoxian pointed out that since the end of the Iraq war, the United States has sent a large number of troops and security forces to Iraq and built several military bases.

　　On the other hand, Iraq cannot do without Iran. According to Agence France-Presse, as the second largest supplier of imported goods to Iraq, Iran exports many products to it. In this regard, Li Shaoxian analyzed: "There are Shiites as ties between Iran and Iraq, and Iraq is economically dependent on Iran. Although Iraq is rich in oil resources, it lacks electricity and natural gas, and a large part of its power supply comes from Iran. In addition, the daily necessities of the Iraqi people also need to be imported from Iran. "

　　"For Iraq, the United States and Iran are like two elephants, and Iraq is a meadow in the middle. Elephants fight, and the grass will suffer. " Li Shaoxian said.

　　The turmoil will continue.

　　According to the website of the US Capitol Hill, on May 16th, when President Trump met with Swiss Federal President maurer, he said that the United States did not want a war with Iran. The Islamic Republic News Agency also quoted Iranian Foreign Minister Jawad Zarif as saying: "There will be no war because none of us want war."

　　Although both sides expressed their hope to avoid war, the current situation is still unclear.

　　Foreign media said that on the Iran issue, the United States frequently sent out chaotic signals. According to the Associated Press reported on May 17, Trump’s recent speech contradicted a series of actions taken by the United States. The British "Times" published an article on the 18th, pointing out that the unstable attitude of the United States towards Iran may stem from the tension within the White House.

　　With the prolonged confrontation between the United States and Iran, Iran’s patience is gradually being worn away. According to Al Jazeera, Iranian President Rouhani’s "strategic patience" may begin to turn to "strategic confrontation".

　　At the same time, the attack on merchant ships in the Persian Gulf also added a fire to the escalating situation in the Middle East. Recently, four commercial ships were "destructively attacked" off the coast of the United Arab Emirates, including two Saudi oil tankers, and the Houthi armed forces supported by Iran became the target of accusations. "They must be hit hard," the Saudi state media "Arab News" bluntly said in an editorial.

　　In such a situation, Iraq can only try its best to ensure that both sides do not offend. Li Shaoxian pointed out that Iraq will continue to maintain economic exchanges with Iran while assuring the United States that its interests will not be infringed.

　　"At the beginning of May, the situation in the Middle East has been shrouded in the cloud of confrontation between the United States and Iraq." Li Shaoxian analyzed that a series of actions such as US military deployment and emergency evacuation of overseas Chinese have greatly strengthened the tension in the region, and its influence may last until the end of this year.

1905 movie network news The youth love film selected for the screening unit of domestic new films in the 28th China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival held a press conference in Xiamen on November 21st. The film’s chief producer Sun Jingjing, producers Wang Yiqing and Tang Bohui, starring Jo Jiang and specially starring Joe attended the event.

"The Time Is Twilight" is adapted from the novel of the same name with the theme of youth by Green Yige, starring young actors Zifeng Zhang, Jo Jiang and Song Weilong, and tells a series of touching campus stories of several young people during their study in Britain. At the press conference, the first trailer of "Time Is Twilight" was officially exposed, and Zifeng Zhang, Song Weilong and Jo Jiang seemed to form two pairs of CP. The plot fragments were sweet and abusive, and complex emotional entanglements began to appear.

Jo Jiang, who plays the role of Gu Xinlie in the film, said that the most similar thing between Gu Xinlie and himself is that he is single-minded, but at the same time, it is also a challenge for him to play a role with such a huge age span. Jo Jiang said with a smile that although he is not too old now, he is still "eighteen", but playing junior high school classmate with Zifeng Zhang, who was 14 at that time, in "The Years Are Dying" is still stressful.

Jo Jiang

In addition, Jo Jiang also accidentally "spoiled" Gu Xinlie’s death at the scene, which shows the degree of emotional abuse in "The Years Are Twilight". However, Jo Jiang also reassured the audience that "great abuse can better reflect the sweetness of the plot", which also made people look forward to him and Zifeng Zhang, the CP.

In addition to Zifeng Zhang, Jo Jiang, and Song Weilong, "Time Is Twilight" also assembled a strong supporting cast. Joe, a young actor, appeared at the press conference as a surprise guest on the same day, and claimed to Call the film as an "egg". In addition, musicians such as Zhao Yingjun and "Ghost" Emma Wu will also make cameos in "The Time Is Dying".

It is reported that "Time has passed" plans to land in the cinema in early 2020.

In the oil market, the price difference between vegetable oil and soybean oil is a topic worthy of in-depth discussion. These two oils are widely used in daily life, but the reasons behind their price differences and their impact on the market are the focus of many investors and consumers.

First of all, the price difference between vegetable oil and soybean oil is mainly due to the difference in production cost and supply and demand. Vegetable oil is mainly extracted from rapeseed, while soybean oil comes from soybean. The planting conditions, yield and processing cost of rapeseed and soybean are different, which directly affect the price of the final product. For example, the planting area and output of rapeseed are relatively small, and more energy and labor are needed in the processing process, which makes the production cost of rapeseed oil relatively high. In contrast, soybean has a wide planting area, large output and more mature processing technology, so the production cost of soybean oil is lower.

Secondly, the relationship between supply and demand is also an important factor affecting the price difference. The demand for vegetable oil and soybean oil is influenced by consumer preferences, eating habits and industrial uses. In some areas, vegetable oil is more popular because of its unique flavor and nutritional value, with greater demand and higher price. In other areas, soybean oil is in greater demand and the price is relatively stable because of its price advantage and wide application.

This price difference has a far-reaching impact on the oil market. First, it affects the decision-making of producers. Soybean oil producers with lower production costs may expand their production scale to meet market demand, while vegetable oil producers may need to maintain their competitiveness by improving product quality or developing new markets. Secondly, the price difference also affects consumers’ buying behavior. In a price-sensitive market, consumers may choose lower-priced soybean oil, while in a market that pursues high-quality life, consumers may be more inclined to buy higher-priced vegetable oil.

In addition, the price difference also has an impact on the overall stability of the oil market. When the price difference between vegetable oil and soybean oil is too large, it may lead to market imbalance and lead to oversupply or shortage of some products. This imbalance may further affect the stability of related industrial chains, such as planting, processing and retail.

In order to show the price difference between vegetable oil and soybean oil and its influence more intuitively, the following is a simple table, which lists the main differences between the two oils:

To sum up, the price difference between vegetable oil and soybean oil not only reflects the difference in production cost and supply-demand relationship, but also has an important impact on the stability of oil market, producers’ decision-making and consumers’ buying behavior. Understanding these differences and the reasons behind them will help investors and consumers better grasp the market dynamics and make more informed decisions.

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the research institution specializing in drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation technology in China — — According to the research institute of farmland irrigation of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, this year, China has popularized and applied the new intelligent irrigation technology in Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other major grain producing areas, with a total area of more than 10 million mu, which has promoted the local grain income.

Not long ago, the wheat in Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Institute of Farmland Irrigation of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences ushered in a concentrated harvest period. Judging from the yield, the average yield per mu is about 600 kg by using traditional irrigation methods, but after using intelligent irrigation technology, the yield per mu can reach 700 kg, an increase of about 15%.

Transshipment by farmland irrigation research institute Division:From the perspective of water-saving effect, after adopting drip irrigation technology, water will be saved by 20%— 30%, and this year’s effect is even better, reaching more than 30%.

Such a good water-saving effect can not be achieved without the precise variable irrigation system used since the spring pipe. As early as April this year, the reporter recorded the "bright eye" performance of this intelligent system in the field.

Fan Yongshen, a researcher at the Institute of Farmland Irrigation, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences:Large sprinkler has the characteristics of automatic walking and even irrigation.

The researchers told reporters that the water flow speed of 68 sprinklers on the sprinkler can be automatically adjusted according to the water demand in different regions.

Marco, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences:The precision variable irrigation system mainly uses unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain the prescription map of field irrigation, and the prescription map can be automatically fed back to the large sprinkler. When the sprinkler goes to each position, it can accurately control the opening of the sprinkler, including the speed of the sprinkler, and realize the precise control of variables.

Guo Zhimin, a farmer in Xinxiang County, Henan Province:I can use my mobile phone to control the operation process of the whole sprinkler. Compared with the traditional flood irrigation in our family, one acre of land can save water by 20-mdash; 30 square meters.

This new intelligent irrigation technology has been popularized and applied in Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other major producing areas this year, covering an area of more than 10 million mu.

Zhou Guomin, Director of farmland irrigation research institute:Smart irrigation system will produce more agricultural products with the least amount of water, and make greater contributions to ensuring national water security and food security.