1905 movie network news Starring in the gangster movie "Disaster", an international poster was released, directed by Jin Changxun, and new actors Hong Sibin and Jin Xingxi participated. The film was shortlisted for the "One Concern" unit of the 76th Cannes International Film Festival.

The film is known as "film noir of two dangerous men struggling to get rid of the reality with no future", which is the first time that Song Joong Ki has challenged the film noir genre. It is reported that the film "Trouble" is a work selected by Song Joong Ki and co-produced by a Song Joong Ki brokerage company, which belongs to a low-budget film with a small production scale. Surprisingly, as the starring role of the film, Song Joong Ki did not receive any remuneration, but starred at 0. This has also greatly increased everyone’s curiosity about movies.

The film tells the story that in order to get rid of the hellish reality, Yan Gui meets Qi Jian, the middle boss of the organization, and enters a dangerous world together. Song Joong Ki plays the role of the middle of the organization that believes in and leads "Yangui"bossFor him, the role of "Qi Jian" is a brand-new breakthrough different from his previous roles. Hong Sibin plays the 18-year-old boy "Yan Gui". In order to get rid of the tragic and dark reality, he devoted himself to the rough world.

Song Joong Ki said before: "Can participate in"disaster and turmoilI am very happy, this work is also a new challenge for myself, and I am deeply touched. "

Benmao

Cloned cat

　　On the 19th of this month, the first commercial cloned cat in China was officially announced. This cloned cat named "Garlic" was born on July 21st this year. "Garlic" is also the first cloned cat in China.

　　It is understood that Huang Yu, the owner of the cloned cat "Garlic", chose cloning technology to restart a new life in order to commemorate the dead pet cat. This cloned cat was born on July 21st through natural delivery of surrogate cats.

　　Is the cloned cat "Garlic" the same as the deceased pet cat? Why is the coat color changed? Weekly reporter interviewed experts from Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation to reveal the story behind cloning.

　　Cloning: the asexual reproduction of an organism

　　In 1963, Haldane, a population geneticist, first put forward the term "cloning" in a speech entitled "Biological Possibility of Human Race in the Next 20,000 Years".

　　In 1997, the news that a sheep named Dolly was born through cloning technology immediately attracted the attention of all over the world. Since then, cloning has become a hot topic for everyone.

　　Clone is a transliteration of the English word clone. Its original meaning refers to the cultivation of plants by asexual propagation or vegetative propagation of seedlings and shoots. With the passage of time, the connotation of cloning has expanded, which generally refers to the asexual reproduction of organisms through somatic cells and the population composed of offspring individuals with the same genotype formed by asexual reproduction; Usually, individuals or populations with exactly the same genes as the original individuals are produced by asexual reproduction using biotechnology.

　　In fact, cloning is no stranger to us. We often use this biological method of asexual reproduction in our daily life. For example, whenever spring blossoms, people who like to plant flowers and grass will do experiments in plant cutting. From a plant, cutting branches and cutting will get many plants with the same genetic material, which is cloning. Asexual reproduction is more common in lower organisms. The division and reproduction of bacteria and planarian is that the parent splits vertically or horizontally into two daughters, and then leaves the parent and becomes an independent individual, which also belongs to cloning.

　　However, does asexual reproduction exist in higher organisms? Scientists once thought that it was impossible to reproduce asexually from a mature somatic cell into a complete animal. Although a somatic cell contains a complete genetic information of an animal, somatic cells have been specialized. Generally speaking, liver cells can only produce liver tissue, and breast cells can only produce breast tissue … … The birth of Dolly sheep completely changed people’s understanding, and it pioneered the cloning of higher animals.

　　"First, the nucleus of a donor cell containing genetic material is transplanted into an egg cell with its nucleus removed, and then the two cells are integrated by micro-current stimulation, and then this new cell is promoted to divide and reproduce and develop into an embryo. When the embryo develops to a certain extent, it is implanted into the uterus of a surrogate animal to make the animal pregnant, and an animal with the same gene as the donor can be born." Li Rongfeng, a researcher at Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, introduced the cloning process of higher organisms.

　　She said that cloning technology does not need male-female mating, and does not need the combination of sperm and eggs. It only needs to extract a single cell from an animal, cultivate it into an embryo by artificial methods, and then implant the embryo into a female animal to breed a new individual. This cloned animal cultured with single cells has exactly the same characteristics as the single cell donor and is a "replica" of the single cell donor. Scientists in England and Oregon in the United States have successively cultivated Dolly, a cloned sheep, and Dolly, a cloned monkey. Scientists in China have gradually cultivated cloned cattle, cloned rabbits, cloned pigs and the latest cloned cats.

　　Wonderful cloning technology has shown broad application prospects, such as cultivating excellent livestock and producing experimental animals, producing transgenic animals, producing human embryonic stem cells for cell and tissue replacement therapy, replicating endangered animal species, preserving and spreading animal species resources, and maintaining ecological balance.

　　Four surrogate mothers gave birth to a cloned cat.

　　On January 9 this year, Huang Yu, the owner of the deceased pet cat, formally proposed to Beijing Xinuogu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. to clone "garlic" because he missed it too much.

　　After exploring the pre-experiments such as in vitro maturation culture conditions and parthenogenetic activation conditions of oocytes, the research and development experiment of cloned cats was officially started in August 2018, with a total of 152 experiments. Up to now, one surrogate cat has been successfully delivered, and one surrogate cat has been tested for pregnancy and delivery. In the "Garlic" project, a total of 4 surrogate cats were embryo-transferred. Among them, the surrogate cat CNTR258 was born naturally on July 21st, 2019, 66 days after embryo transfer, and the cloned cat Garlic was successfully produced. Garlic is a very cute British short-haired cat.

　　"Like the general principle of cloned sheep and cloned pigs, we knock out and enucleate the genes of surrogate cats after obtaining the oocytes of surrogate cats, and then implant the cells of cloned cats to form a fused cloned embryo for activation." Wang yining, deputy general manager of Beijing xinuogu biotechnology co., ltd, introduced the birth process of cloned cat "garlic".

　　"Judging from the current level of cloning technology, from the pregnancy of four surrogate cats, a cloned cat was successfully produced, and the success rate was high." Chen Dayuan, a researcher at the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes. Li Rongfeng also said that as a new cloned species, the pregnancy rate of 25% is very high. Take the cloned pigs of Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Heterogeneity Transplantation as an example. At present, one to three transgenic cloned pigs can be obtained after transplanting 100 embryos, and the cloning efficiency is about 3%.

　　Shi Zhensheng, a professor at the College of Animal Medicine of China Agricultural University, said: "The reproductive physiological characteristics of cats are different from those of most animals, because cats are not spontaneous ovulation animals, but one of the few ovulation-inducing animals. Their reproductive cycle is special, and cloning technology is difficult and complicated to operate. This successful breeding of cloned cats is one of the few successful cases in the world, marking a big step for China in the field of cloning. "

　　"For the public, spending 250,000 yuan to clone a cat may not be understandable. But I was very happy when I knew that the cloning price was 250,000 yuan. " Huang Yu, the owner of "Garlic", said that he had searched online, and there was a cloning company in South Korea that cloned cats and dogs at a price of 400,000 to 500,000, which was unacceptable. The domestic cloned cat price of 250,000 yuan is acceptable.

　　It can provide reference for cloning pandas.

　　On August 21st, the cloned cat "Garlic" was full moon. From the photos of garlic published on the Internet, we can find that there is a slight difference between the cloned garlic and the original garlic: there is a small black piece on the chin of the original garlic, but the cloned cat is gone; There are patterns on the left leg of the body, and the pattern of cloned cats grows on the right leg.

　　"There are epigenetic problems in the process of animal cloning. The so-called epigenetic problem is that environmental factors will lead to different gene expressions in organisms, but the genes themselves will not change." Li Rongfeng explained that the genes in the cloned cat’s gene nucleus are the same as the original genes from the cat’s cells, but there will be differences in gene expression during the reprogramming of somatic cells. The genes are inherited from the previous cats, but some genes are not expressed or over-expressed; In the cloned cat "garlic", there is a phenomenon that the coat color related genes are not expressed correctly.

　　Beijing Xinuogu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. also responded: "Cloning ensures that more than 99.9% genes are the same, but the hair gene expression is random. There are patterns on the body, and there is no guarantee of 100% consistency. " At the same time, Beijing Xinuogu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. also pointed out that cloned cats can not guarantee the same living conditions and feeding environment as ontologies, and their personalities may change.

　　So what changes may occur in personality? Li Rongfeng said that there are many acquired factors in the formation of cloned cats’ personalities, just as human twins will have different personalities in different environments; But there are some basic personality-determining genes. If they exist in the nucleus, their personality will not change greatly even if the environment is different.

　　What is the significance of the birth of the cloned cat "Garlic"? Li Rongfeng said that from the economic point of view, it is not as important as meat animals, but it caters to the emotional needs of some people, such as pet owners; It is also of great significance to be able to play a companion role.

　　"There is also a great significance in cloning cats, which are closer to giant pandas than pigs and dogs." Li Rongfeng said that the giant panda is a rare and endangered species and it is difficult to clone. The success of cloning cats can provide reference for the cloning of rare and endangered species such as giant pandas.

　　Reporter Zhang Xuan

Editor’s Note: 2022 is the year of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the centenary of the founding of the Communist Youth League of China. A nation will prosper only when its young people thrive If the younger generation has ideals, skills and responsibilities, the country will have a future and the nation will have hope. Red Net Moment News will launch the column "Strugglers are Youth" from now on, telling how the contemporary youth passed the torch of a century of youth, and what kind of youthful blood and passion they used to meet the party’s 20 th victory.

Xin Yang, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University.

Red Net News Reporter Liu Zhixiong Zhu Liping Intern Hu Xinghai Changsha Report

If the integrated circuit field represented by CPU is the "brain" of modern equipment, then the power semiconductor chip is the "heart" that provides power. After returning from Cambridge University, Xin Yang, a professor at the School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Hunan University, devoted himself to the research of power semiconductors. He wanted to build "China Core".

"Our country was 30 years behind in this respect and was stuck in the neck for too long." Xin Yang said with emotion.

Xin Yang’s concern about power semiconductors stems from a teacher’s words during his undergraduate period. "Power semiconductors are the core of electric energy conversion, and a generation of power semiconductor chips determines the performance of a generation of equipment." It also originated from Xin Yang’s "China Heart". Since childhood, parents have taught Xin Yang to be an indispensable talent for the country.

Previously, the research results of the subject with Xin Yang as the first author were published in a top international academic journal of physics. This achievement provides a new idea for solving the serious oscillation problem of new power semiconductor.

"This achievement can give full play to the advantages of fast switching speed and low loss of the third generation semiconductor devices, which is of great significance for the development of high power and extremely high power density converter equipment." Xin Yang introduced.

Semiconductor components used in experiments in Xin Yang.

Power semiconductors are widely used, ranging from high-speed trains to mobile phone chargers.

"Almost everything involving electric energy conversion requires the participation of power semiconductors." Xin Yang said, "But our country once lagged far behind Europe in power semiconductor devices including IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)."

IGBT has long been monopolized by developed countries. In 2009, in order to learn advanced semiconductor knowledge, Xin Yang studied for master’s degree and doctor’s degree in Imperial College London and Cambridge University.

During his stay at Cambridge University, Xin Yang firmly decided to return to China in contact with CRRC Zhuzhou Institute and related companies. "Many of our own technologies are not advanced, so we have to look at others’ faces. That feels terrible. " Xin Yang said, "At that time, I felt that the country urgently needed this technology, and it was time for me to realize my self-worth and serve the motherland."

Yang Xin takes students to work in the laboratory.

In 2015, Xin Yang returned to his native Hunan from Britain. In 2018, he was hired as a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Hunan University. Hunan University’s relatively complete incentive system for young teachers and the free and open academic environment at the foot of Yuelu Mountain have given Xin Yang great impetus.

In recent years, Xin Yang has presided over or participated in several national scientific research projects, published more than 40 high-level papers and applied for more than 20 invention patents.

"I went out with an initial intention to study for my country. After I came back, I felt that the country, especially Hunan, attached importance to talents. Only by redoubling efforts and making achievements can we live up to the expectations of the party and the people." During the conversation, Xin Yang said many times that he wanted to contribute to the country’s breakthrough in key technologies.

In Xin Yang’s view, his academic achievements can not be separated from the support of relevant national policies. He was selected into the relevant national talent plan, and his learning experience in the team of Luo An, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, also benefited from the Hunan Young Talents Support Program.

Xin Yang is with his students.

Nowadays, the importance of chips to modern industry is becoming more and more prominent, and talents are the key to technological leadership. Xin Yang pays special attention to the matter of taking students, and his latest research results include many master students. "Academician Luo An has given me a lot of help. As a teacher, I should also teach my students what I have learned without reservation. The happiest thing is that my students are better than me academically."

In the next six months to a year, Xin Yang will focus on building a new reliability evaluation method for power semiconductors. "At present, the evaluation of power semiconductors is still relatively extensive. We hope to reach the degree of calculation reliability and know the service life of IGBT components more accurately, and then deduce more advanced and reliable power semiconductor packaging technology."

In addition to constantly pursuing the optimization of chip performance indicators, looking to the future, Xin Yang wants to make some subversive achievements in originality theory. "Time is still tight." Xin Yang ridiculed his increasingly backward hairline. After devoting himself to scientific research, Xin Yang almost had no entertainment activities. "But doing research with students is very happy, and I don’t feel tired when I work overtime."

"I hope that when the country stands at the forefront of the world in the field of power semiconductors one day, I can be proud to have contributed a little to it." Xin Yang said.